The Latest Generation of SEZs: Consumer-Oriented Unilateralism in China’s E-Commerce Trade

نویسندگان

چکیده

ABSTRACT World Trade Organization multilateralism is driven by manufacturers. However, in China, Cross-border E-commerce Retail Import has spurred a new, consumer-oriented trade unilateralism. prospers within China’s National Cross-Border Pilot Cities, which are special economic zones aimed at using unilateral liberalization to meet consumers’ growing demands for high-quality foreign products. enhances consumer benefits beyond reducing customer formalities and tax rates lowering product prices. It re-conceptualizes protection treating consumers as diverse individuals rather than homothetic group. also empowers making them ‘importers’ minimize behind-the-border barriers. warrants rethinking of from its initial focus on corporations capital owners revised consumers.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Journal of International Economic Law

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['1369-3034', '1464-3758']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgab018